ASTM E84 is used to determine a product's tendency to permit the travel of a flame along its surface as well as provide a measure of how much smoke is developed when it burns. A gas flame is applied to the underside of products at one end of a 25-foot-long tunnel. The rate of flame spread and the amount of smoke developed are measured. Each is given a separate rating, with the following standardized scale being used for both. The higher the flame spread rating, the higher the tendency for the material being tested to spread flames during a fire. Similarly, a higher smoke-developed rating means that a material tends to generate more smoke when subject to fire. Cement asbestos is assigned flame spread and smoke-developed ratings of zero, while red oak is rated at 100 for both.

Most untreated wood, including wood-based structural-use panels, falls into the Class III (or C) rating for both flame spread and smoke developed. Panel manufacturers that have tested their product are often listed in the Underwriters Laboratories Building Materials Directory. Contact the manufacturer directly to determine the flame spread or smoke developed rating of a particular product.